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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

岛内舆论担忧：“黑网红”令台湾治安雪上加霜******

　　【环球时报综合报道】随着社交媒体越来越发达，“网红”在社会上的影响力也越来越大。台湾网络上，不少“网红”近年声量高涨，甚至民间早有“网红执政”的说法。然而这其中，有不少涉黑的“黑网红”。岛内舆论担忧，这些“黑网红”不仅影响社会治安，给年轻人带来不好的影响，更会参与到岛内政治中。

　　台湾联合新闻网14日报道称，近来，岛内越来越多所谓“网红”涉及犯罪案件甚至有黑道背景，乃至蓄意养网军拉抬声量，好谋取更多利益乃至“镀金”“漂白”。然而他们却仍被称为“网红”，还常常被大肆报道。台湾雅虎奇摩新闻网14日评选了2022年该网站搜索量最多的“十大网红”，其中就有不少有黑道背景。比如排名第九、拥有百万粉丝的“乌鸦”(实名为陈柏融)，几个月前就被台湾“镜周刊”爆料自称是黑道组织“竹联帮”成员，到彰化一家水产公司恐吓索要500万元新台币，说是花钱消灾。舆论认为，“乌鸦”有在网络上“引战”、直播号召、教唆、聚众犯罪等嫌疑。

　　还有一些台湾“网红”则是原黑道人士“转职”。排名第六的连千毅是公开声明自己属于帮派人员的“网红”之一。绰号“现主席”的连千毅14岁时就加入黑社会组织，2011年时身为暴力讨债集团主谋，他被台湾“警政署”列为“扫黑”对象，随后因涉“暴力讨债”“恐吓取财”以及“妨害自由”等，被台北市政府警察局逮捕，狱中结识多名黑道组织“天道盟”头目。出狱后，连千毅加入“天道盟”太阳会苗栗分会，因发现网络直播购物事业获利机会不少，于是投身其中。很快，连千毅就成了“网红”，其直播购物方式也饱受争议。据台媒报道，他对观众发表恶毒言论，甚至私下找买家的麻烦。今年年初，他还因在直播中与另一个“黑网红”帮派交恶，双方约架，桃园市警方因此加派警力并管制交通。9月，警方因连千毅涉嫌诈骗逮捕了他，事后以20万元新台币交保。

　　排名第八的“馆长”陈之汉也是有黑道背景的台湾“网红”，他早年辞去军职后一度加入黑道，后来担任台湾健力协会顾问等职务，也经营服饰及餐饮相关事业，经常在网上评论时事。2020年8月，“馆长”在新北市自家健身房遭“竹联帮”成员刘丞浩埋伏开枪，被送往医院急救。

　　然而由于“网红”的力量在台湾太大，甚至影响政坛的走向，因此无论是黑道势力还是民进党政客等，都颇为重视这一领域。“九合一”选举前，民进党就推出好几个宣传视频，由绰号“鸡排妹”的岛内“网红”郑家纯出来拉票。蔡英文本人也常现身网络直播节目。联合新闻网9月一篇评论就曾称，这些“网红”拥有大批年轻粉丝且能够影响网络风向，成为近年来蔡英文最喜欢合作的对象。

　　对于“网红”在直播中公然以黑道帮派自居，流氓行径竟在网络上成为“时尚”，呛声变成流行的招牌，岛内资深媒体人林朝鑫批评称，“直播主之乱是社会乱源，警政署应全力扫荡”。他称，这几年来台湾社会秩序之所以搞得如此混乱，究其原因，与网络上不断上演的“直播主之乱”脱不了干系。联合新闻网14日称，这令台湾本就败坏的治安雪上加霜。(陈立非)

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）